mail 與水生動物疾病召集人陳媺玫副教授聯絡
友善列印 友善列印
對蝦桿狀病毒症
疾病代碼: DIS00001
建立日期: 2008/12/05
更新日期: 2009/09/03
作 者: 涂堅
中文病名: 對蝦桿狀病毒症
英文病名: Tetrahedral baculovirosis
疾病描述: 1.病原概述
病原型別:病毒
病原環境:淡鹹水海水
學名:Baculovirus penaei
病名(及俗名):
最早發現者:最早由Couch(1974)、Summer(1977)發現。
OIE狀況:表列(Listed)。
病原摘要:
目前暫定於Nucleopolyherdovirus屬。至少存在來至三個不同地域的病毒株,(1) 美國大西洋東南海域及墨西哥沿岸及加勒比海(2)南、中及北美洲(3)夏威夷。
人畜共通:非人畜共通傳染病
病原分類
2.病原分類
別名:pvSNPV (singly enveloped nucleopolyhedrovirus)
命名沿革: Summer (1977)類似發現;Bonami (1995)對本病病毒部份基因組做進一步確認。

疾病特性:(感染組織及器官:感染路徑、好發組織器官、宿主)
可感染對屬有Litopenaeus, Fafantepenaeus, Fenneropenaeus, 及Melicertus、Penaeus、TrachypenaeusProtrachypene。亦有研究指出所有對屬均為可能宿主。主要感染組織為肝胰腺小管及中前段上皮細胞。感染途徑為水平感染,主要為經食入遭含病毒 糞便污染的食物、水或感染的組織。

疾病型態及流行病學:(急性或慢性型態、器官傳播、分佈情形)
只有嚴重感染的蝦苗會出現白色的中,幼蝦及成蝦並無任何具診斷價值的臨床症狀。
組織病理學檢查可在肝胰腺上皮、中上皮及腔內發現三角形 包涵體。感染蝦的肝胰腺及中細胞會呈現肥大的胞核及一個或多個三角形嗜伊紅核內 包涵體,伴隨染色質著邊現象。
目前地理分佈在美國及夏威夷。

病原致病性意義:(實際魚場及田間發病、抗藥性等情形)
實際發生率不定。在野生蝦類可能低至1%,但在養殖蝦類蝦苗可高達100%。一般而言,蝦苗死亡率最高,隨年齡遞減。本病會造成繁殖場嚴重損失。持續感染場會造成生長遲緩,收成降低。
診斷方法: 一級初步診斷:肝胰腺直接壓片鏡檢
二級初步診斷:組織病理學檢查
三級初步診斷:電子顯微鏡鏡檢
一級確定診斷:出現特異性的金字塔型包涵體
二級確定診斷:組織病理學出現特異金字塔型包涵體
三級確定診斷:以PCR增幅、定序及基因庫比對
PCR引子序列(產物644 bp)
6581: 5'-TGT-AGC-AGC-AGA-GAA-GAG-3'
6582: 5'-CAC-TAA-GCC-TAT-CTC-CAG-3'
PCR反應液
1 x PCR buffer,200 µM dNTP each,0.31 µM primer each,1.5 mM MgCl2,2.5 U Taq DNA polymerase, I µl DNA,最終體積為25 µl。
PCR反應條件
95oC, 5分,35循環(95oC, 30秒,60oC, 30 秒,72oC, 1 分),72oC,7 分。
治療方法:
預防控制方法: 詳細討論疫苗發展現況及飼養管理控制現況,避免引入污染的蝦苗及種蝦。
相關圖片:
參考文獻: 1.Alcivar-Warren A., Overstreet R.M., Dhar A.K., Astrofsky K., Carr W.H. Sweeney J. & Lotz J. (1997). Genetic susceptibility of cultured shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) to infectious hypodermal and heamatopoietic necrosis virus and Baculovirus penaei: possible relationship with growth status and metabolic gene expression. J. Invertebr. Pathol., 70, 190-197.
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9. Bruce L.D., Redman R.M. & Lightner D.V. (1994). Application of gene probes to determine target organs of a penaeid shrimp baculovirus using in situ hybridization. Aquaculture, 120, 45-51.

10.Bruce L.D., Redman R.M., Lightner D.V. & Bonami J.R. (1993). Application of gene probes to detect a penaeid shrimp baculovirus in fixed tissue using in situ hybridization. Dis. Aquat. Org., 17, 215-221.

11. Bueno S.L.S., Nascimento R.M. & Nascimento I. (1990). Baculovirus penaei infection in Penaeus subtilis: A new host and a new geographic range of the disease. J. World Aquaculture Soc., 21, 235-237.

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15. Couch J.A. (1974). Free and occluded virus similar to Baculovirus in hepatopancreas of pink shrimp. Nature, 247 (5438), 229-231.

16. Couch J.A. (1989). The membranous labyrinth in baculovirus-infected crustacean cells: possible roles in viral reproduction. Dis. Aquat. Org., 7, 39-53.

17. Couch J.A. (1991). Baculoviridae. Nuclear Polyhedrosis Viruses. Part 2. Nuclear Polyhedrosis Viruses of Invertebrates Other Than Insects. In: Atlas of Invertebrate Viruses, Adams J.R. & Bonami J.R., eds. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 205-226.

18. Durand S., Lightner D.V. & Bonami J.R. (1998). Differentiation of BP-type baculovirus strains using in situ hybridization. Dis. Aquat. Org., 32, 237-239.

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20. Hammer H.S., Stuck K.C. & Overstreet R.M. (1998). Infectivity and pathogenicity of Baculovirus penaei (BP) in cultured larval and postlarval Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei, related to the stage of viral development. J. Invertebr. Pathol., 72, 38-43.

21. Johnson P.T. & Lightner D.V. (1988). Rod-shaped nuclear viruses of crustaceans: gut-infecting species. Dis. Aquat. Org., 5, 123-141.

22. Le Blanc B.D. & Overstreet R.M. (1990). Prevalence of Baculovirus penaei in experimentally infected white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) relative to age. Aquaculture, 87, 237-242.

23. Le Blanc B.D. & Overstreet R.M. (1991). Effect of dessication, pH, heat and ultraviolet irridation on viability of Baculovirus penaei. J. Invertebr. Pathol., 57, 277-286.

24. Le Blanc B.D., Overstreet R.M. & Lotz J.M. (1991). Relative susceptibility of Penaeus aztecus to Baculovirus penaei. J. World Aquaculture Soc., 22, 173-177.

25. Lewis D.H. (1986). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting penaeid baculovirus. J. Fish Dis., 9, 519-522.

26. Lightner D.V. (1988). Diseases of cultured penaeid shrimp and prawns. In: Disease Diagnosis and Control in North American Marine Aquaculture, Sindermann C.J. & Lightner D.V., eds. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 8-127.

27. Lightner D.V. (ed.) (1996). A Handbook of Shrimp Pathology and Diagnostic Procedures for Diseases of Cultured Penaeid Shrimp. World Aquaculture Society, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA. 304 pp.

28. Lightner D.V. (1999). The penaeid shrimp viruses TSV, IHHNV, WSSV, and YHV: current status in the Americas, available diagnostic methods and management strategies. J. Applied Aquaculture, 9, 27-52.

29. Lightner D.V., Poulos B.T., Bruce L., Nunan L., Pantoja C., Mari J. & Bonami J.R. (1994). Development and application of genomic probes for use as diagnostic and research reagents for the penaeid shrimp parvoviruses IHHNV and HPV and the baculoviruses MBV and BP. USMSFP 10th Anniversary Review, GCRL Special Publication No. 1, 59-85.

30. Lightner D.V. & Redman R.M. (1998). Shrimp diseases and current diagnostic methods. Aquaculture, 164, 201-220.

31. Lightner D.V., Redman R.M. & Almada Ruiz E.A. (1989). Baculovirus penaei in Penaeus stylirostris (Crustacea: Decapoda) cultured in Mexico: unique cytopathology and new geographic record. J. Invertebr. Pathol., 53, 137-139.

32. Lightner D.V., Redman R.M., Williams R.R., Mohney L.L., Clerx J.P.M., Bell T.A. & Brock J.A. (1985). Recent advances in penaeid virus disease investigations. J. World Mariculture Soc., 16, 267-274.

33. Machado C.R., Bueno S.L. de S. & Menck C.F.M. (1995). Cloning shrimp Baculovirus penaei DNA and hybridization comparison with Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Rev. Brasil. Genet. (Brazil. J. Genetics), 18, 1-6.

34. Overstreet R.M. (1994). BP (Baculovirus penaei) in penaeid shrimps. USMSFP 10th Anniversary Review, GCRL Special Publication No. 1, 97-106.

35. Overstreet R.M., Stuck K.C., Krol R.A. & Hawkins W.E. (1988). Experimental infections with Baculovirus penaei in the white shrimp Penaeus vannamei as a bioassay. J. World Aquaculture Soc., 19, 175-187.

36. Poulos B.T., Mari J., Bonami J.R., Redman R., & Lightner D.V. (1994). Use of non-radioactively labeled DNA probes for the detection of a baculovirus from Penaeus monodon by in situ hybridization on fixed tissue. J. Virol. Methods, 49, 187-194.

37. Stuck K.C. & Overstreet R.M. (1994). Effect of Baculovirus penaei on growth and survival of experimentally infected postlarvae of the Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei. J. Invertebr. Pathol., 64, 18-25.

38. Stuck K.C., Stuck L.M., Overstreet R.M. & Wang S.Y. (1996). Relationship between BP (Baculovirus penaei) and energy reserves in larval and postlarval Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei. Dis. Aquat. Org., 24, 191-198.

39. Stuck K.C. & Wang S.Y. (1996). Establishment and persistence of Baculovirus penaei infections in cultured Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei. J. Invertebr. Pathol., 68, 59-64.

40. Summers M.D. (1977). Characterization of Shrimp Baculovirus. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Report, EPA-600/3-77-130, US E.P.A., Gulf Breeze, Florida, USA, 35 pp.

41.Thurman R.B., Lightner D.V., Bell T.A. & Hazanow S. (1990). Unique physicochemical properties of the occluded penaeid shrimp baculoviruses and their use in diagnosis of infections. J. Aquat. Anim. Health, 2, 128-131.
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