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疾病描述：
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1.病原概述
病原型別：病毒
病原環境：淡水、 淡鹹水及 海水學名：Red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV)
病名(及俗名)：RSIV
最早發現者： Inouye 等(1992)發現RSIV。 He等（2001）發現ISKNV。
ＯＩＥ狀況：表列(Listed)
病原摘要：
本病（Red sea bream iridoviral disease）由兩個病原引起：嘉魶虹彩病毒（Red sea bream iridovirus）及傳染性脾臟與腎臟壞死病毒（infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus , ISKNV）。這兩個病毒目前暫定於虹彩病毒科(iridoviridae)，巨大細胞屬(megalocytivirus)下。嘉魶虹彩病毒與傳染性脾臟與腎臟壞死病毒雖為同一屬，親緣性上相近，但是並不相同。此二病毒與魚類蛙類病毒（Ranavirus）屬下的病毒如epizootic haematopoietic necrosis virus (EHNV), European catfish iridovirus (ECV) 及 grouper iridovirus (GIV) 並不相同。
人畜共通：非人畜共通。
2.病原分類
位於虹彩病毒科iridoviridae，巨大細胞屬(megalocytivirus)。
別名：
命名沿革：
疾病特性：
（感染組織及器官：感染路徑、好發組織器官、宿主）
好發組織器官為脾、腎臟、心、腸、鰓。幼魚比成魚對本病毒敏感。本病毒在宿主持續感染與否目前不明。傳播媒介目前不明。水平感染。
RSIV感染宿主為：嘉魶red sea bream (Pagrus major), 黑鯛black porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegeli), 黃鰭鯛yellowfin sea bream (Acanthopagrus latus), 日本真鯛crimson sea bream (Evynnis japonica), 青甘鰺Japanese amberjack (Seriola quinqueradiata), 紅甘鲹greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili), 黃尾鲹yellowtail amberjack (Seriola lalandi), hybrid of yellowtail amberjack and Japanese amberjack (S. lalandi × S. quinqueradiata), 縱帶鰺striped jack (Pseudocaranx dentex), 藍鰭鮪northern bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus), 日本馬加鰆Japanese Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus niphonius), 日本鯖chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus), 真鲹Japanese jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus), 條石鯛Japanese parrotfish (Oplegnathus fasciatus), 斑石鯛spotted knifejaw (Oplegnathus punctatus), 海鱺cobia (Rachycentron canadum), 黃蠟鲹snubnose pompano (Trachinotus blochii), 三線雞魚chicken grunt (Parapristipoma trilineatum), 厚唇石鱸crescent sweetlips (Plectorhynchus cinctus), 正龍占Chinese emperor (Lethrinus haematopterus), 青嘴龍占spangled emperor (Lethrinus nebulosus), 瓜子鱲largescale blackfish (Girella punctata), 許氏平鲉rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli), 大黃魚croceine croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea), 赤點石斑魚Hong Kong grouper (Epinephelus akaara), 七帶石斑魚convict grouper (Epinephelus septemfasciatus), 瑪拉巴石斑Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus), 褐石斑魚longtooth grouper (Epinephelus bruneus), 點帶石斑魚orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides), 青石斑魚yellow grouper (Epinephelus awoara), 鱸滑石斑魚greasy grouper (Epinephelus tauvina), 棕點石斑魚brown-marbled grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus), 龍膽石斑giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus), 七星鱸Japanese sea perch (Lateolabrax japonicas), Lateolabrax sp., 金目鱸barramundi or sea bass (Lates calcarifer), 雜交條紋鱸hybrid of striped sea bass and white bass (Morone saxatilis× M. chrysops), 大嘴鱸largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), 牙鮃bastard halibut (Paralichthys olivaceus), 圓斑星鰈spotted halibut (Verasper variegatus), 紅鰭多紀魨torafugu (Takifugu rubripes)。
ISKNV 感染宿主為：鱖魚Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi), 金目鱸baramundi or sea bass (Lates calcarifer), 紅鼓魚red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), 鯔Flathead mullet (Mugil cephalus), 點帶石斑魚orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides), 其他石斑Epinephelus .
疾病型態及流行病學：（急性或慢性型態、器官傳播、分佈情形）
急性全身性感染型態。目前本病地理分佈在東南亞，包括日本、韓國、中國、臺灣、香港、泰國、新加坡、馬來西亞及菲律賓。
臨床症狀及病理學：
臨床上貧血、鰓灰色及脾腫脹。脾臟抹片Giemsa染色可見腫大之細胞。
病理學
在脾臟、心及腸可見胞質嗜鹼性濃染腫大之細胞。
病原致病性意義：（實際魚場及田間發病、抗藥性等情形）
死亡率由0-100%，依魚種、年齡、水溫、養殖條件而定。本病嚴重影響產量。
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參考文獻：
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